Englisch Referat über Computer

Servus

Da wir jetzt in Englisch schon Referat machen müssen x(, habe ich mir mal ein Thema überlegt, nämlich Computer bzw. Hardwareaufbau.

Hat da jemand ein Referat über das Thema, oder irgendeine Internetseite mit Infos?

Hat vielleicht jemand ein anderes Referat in Englisch bei sich rumliegen?
Sollten so 5 Minuten Vortragszeit sein und ein "leichtes" Thema, weil ich nicht ablesen darf vom Zettel :P.

Schonmal Danke

Also die ersten 3 Leute haben über, Pubs in Irland, Shisha und Hamas gehalten
Könnt ihr also ein kleines Bild machen davon.

Ich nehm jetzt "Das Internet" zwar bissl schwierig, sprachlich und weil sich der Lehrer auch da bissl auskennt^^ aber egal.
Kanns ja mal reinstellen, wenns fertig ist für Verbesserungsvorschläge etc..

Now, I want to tell some facts about the Internet.

First of all, the requirements of accessing the internet. Therefore you need a computer with at least 66 megaherts an 16 megabyte of ram. Besides you need a modem, an ISDN – host adapter or a DSL-Modem and an Internet Service Provider (ISP). DSL ist the newest and fastest way to connect to the Internet. For surfing you need a browser software like Mozilla, Firefox or Microsoft Internet Explorer. This software is usually for free.
After having bought the hardware, it’s time to choose an ISP. An Internet Service Provider offers access to the Internet. The big ones are Telekom (T-Online) an One-and-One (1&1). The mounthly base fees are low, usually less than 20€. Additional fees depend on how frequently you use their services.

Copyright © by Bastus

History of the Internet

1957 During the Cold War, on October 4, 1957 the Soviet Union launched ist first satellite called Sputnik into orbit. This launch challenged the United States Department of Defense to put a high priority on research technology and created an agency called ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency).

1961 The United States Air Force ordered the Rand Corporation to proceed with a research project transfering important information in case of an attack in a nuclear war.

1962 The Rand Corporation created the concept of dividing information into blocks and sending the packets from one computer to antoher until all hit the final destination. In the case of a nuclear attack, packets of information will continue transmitting

1969 4 Universities in California were connected to each other.

1972 The first E-Mail program was created. @ was created

1973 APARNET went international, connection to England and Norway.

On January 1st, every machine connected to ARPANET had to use TCP/IP.
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the basic communication language or protocol of the Internet. It can also be used as a communications protocol in a private network. When you are set up with direct access to the Internet, your computer is provided with a copy of the TCP/IP program just as every other computer that you may send messages to or get information from also has a copy of TCP/IP.
TCP/IP is a two-layer program. The higher layer, Transmission Control Protocol, manages the assembling of a message or file into smaller packets that are transmitted over the Internet. The lower layer, Internet Protocole, handles the address part of each packet so that it gets to the right destination. Each gateway computer on the network checks this address to see where to forward the message.

1974 Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf refer to the term "Internet" for the first time on their notes regarding Transmission Control Protocol.

[1975] Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Microsoft.

[1976] Apple computer introduces their first computer, the Apple 1

1979 Usenet was created by Steve Bellovin, Tom Truscott and Jim Ellis using UUCP.

1983 On January 1983 TCP/IP became the standard communication method for ARPANET and it replaced the network control protocol (NCP). An organization created to oversee web research the development of the Internet it was called Internet Activities Board (IAB). The University of Wisconsin created Domain Name System (DNS). This allowed packets to be directed to a domain name, which would be translated by the server database into the corresponding IP number. This made it much easier for people to access other servers, because they no longer had to remember numbers.

1989 The WWW was invented by Tim Barnes-Lee.

1992 WWW browser was available.

VoIP

The newest technology is VoIP. With VoIP you can phone over the Internet Protocol. It is cheaper than normal Telefone. In recent years many VoIP systems have become as easy to use as a normal Telefone. The benefit is that, as the Internet carries the actual voice traffic, VoIP can be free or cost mus less than a normal Telefone call, especially over long distances an for those with always-on DSL Internet connections.
For example for 10€ you can phone in Germany for free.
Voice quality can still vary from call to call but i soften equal to traditional calls. On Mondays, the connection quality could be not as good as usual, because of the huge traffic.

World Wide Web

The World Wide Web is a Hypertext system, which means that there are a lot of coloured words, called Hyperlinks. When you click on the Link you surf to an other site. This makes the WWW so easy so easy and user-friendly. The WWW ist he most popular services of the Internet. A lot of people don’t know any other services, except for E-Mail.

The description language of the WWW ist he Hyper Text Markup Language, called HTML.
There are a lot of search engines in the WWW to get information about spezial things. The most famous ones are Google and MSN. So if you do net know where to find information on the Internetjust surf to Google, enter you search term and hit Enter and you will get the information.

As of January 2006, over 1 billion people use the Internet according to Internet World Stats.
Folie: http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.html

Remote access

The Internet allows computer to connect to other computers and information stores easily, wherever they may be across the world. The may do this with or without the use of security, authentication and encryption technologies, depending on the requirements.
This encouraging new ways of working from home, collaboration and information sharing in many industries.
An office worker away from his desk, perhaps the other side of the world on a business trip or a holiday, can open a remote desktop session into his normal office PC using a secure Virtual Private Network (VPN) connection via the Internet. This gives him complete access to all his normal files and data, including E-Mail and other applications, while he is waway.

File-sharing

A computer file can be e-mailed to customers, or it can be uploaded to a website or FTP server for easy download by others. It can be put into a „shared location“ or onto a file server for instant use by other people. The load of bulk downloads to many users can be eased? By the use of „mirror“ servers or peer-to-peer networking.
This includes all amnner of office documents, publications, software, music, videos, or other things.
Many use the Internet to access and download music, vieos an other works for their enjoyment and relaxation. There are paid and unpaid sources for all of these, using centralised servers or peer-to-peer technologies. Discretion is needed as some of these sources take more care ovter the original artists’ rights an over copyrights lawy than others.
Copyright © by Bastus
Streaming media

Many existing radio and television broadcasters provide Internet „feeds“ of their live audio and video streams (for example BBC). They may also allow time-shift viewing or listening such as Preview.

Language

The most pervalent language of communication on the Internet is Englsih

After English (32% of web visitors) the most-requested languages on the WWW are Chinese 13%, Japanese 8%, German 6%.
By continent, 34% of the world’s Internet users are based in Asia, 29% in Europe, and 23% in North America.

Censorship

Some countries, such as Iran, Republic of China and Australia restrict, what people in their countries can access on the Internet, especially unwanted political and religious content. Cencorship os sometimes done through government controlled censoring filters, or by means of law or culture, making the propagation of targeted? Materials extremely hard.

In the Western world, it is Germany that has the highest rate of censorship, especially of Nazis. However, most countries in the Western world do not force ISP to block sites or other internet traffic.

Internet acces

Commom methods of home access onclude dial-up, broadband, Wi-Fi, satellite and cell-phones.
Public places to use the Internet include libaries and Internet cafes, where computers with Internet connections are available. There are als Internet access points in many public places like airport halls, in some cases just for brief use while standing.
An unwanted person (e.g. Hacker) can abuse your wireless LAN for surfing, if you dont secure it.

Modem ist he abbreviation for modulator and demodulator
ISDN stands for Integrated Services Digital Network
DSL = Digital Subscriber Line

Wenn ihr noch Ergänzungen zur History habt bitte schreiben, Rechtschreibfehler einfach stehen lassen.
Nehmt es mir nicht weg bis morgen.